HORTICULTURE SYLLABUS
I.
a) Importance of horticulture in terms of economy, production, employment generation,
environmental protection and human resource development. Nutritional value of
horticultural crops. Divisions of horticulture and their importance.
b) Temperature, light, humidity, rainfall and soil requirements for horticultural crops.
Selection of site for establishing an orchard, orchard plan, systems of planting.
Establishment of an orchard. Objectives of orchard management culture, different methods
of orchard culture. Pruning and training – objectives, methods and effects.
c) Nutrition of horticultural crops – assessment of nutritional requirements, Identification of
deficiency symptoms, methods of nutrient application. Assessment of irrigation
requirements for different horticultural crops, irrigation methods.
d) Flower bud initiation and formation. Factors affecting them, environmental influences,
chemical, nutritional management practices. Pollination and fruit set, problems and
requirements, flower and fruit drop, stages, causes, remedial measures. Unfruitfulness,
reasons and remedial measures. Harvesting, maturity indices for horticultural crops.
Ripening, chemical, physical changes during ripening, and methods of ripening. Use of
growth regulators in Horticulture – propagation sex expression, fruit set, fruit drop and
extension of shelf life.
II.
a) Principles and classification of plant propagation methods. Plant propagation structures,
containers and media.
b) Sexual propagation and its importance. Factors affecting germination and
pregermination treatments.
c) Sexual propagation and it’s importance. Propagation of plants by cuttage, factors
affecting regeneration of plants from cuttings. Types of cuttings, propagation by layerage.
Factors affecting regeneration of plants by layerage. Methods of layerage.
d) Propagation by grafting, importance of graftage. Factors for successful grafting.,
Selection of rootstock and scion. Methods of budding and grafting Rootstocks for
commercial fruit plants. Stock scion relations and role of Rootstocks in fruit production.
III.
Area, production, importance in national economy, nutritive values, origin and distribution
botany, classification and identification of species and varieties, root stocks, role in high
density planting climate, soils, planting methods training and pruning, nutrition, irrigation
scheduling, intercrops, and management of practices of
a) fruit crops mango, banana, citrus, grape, pineapple, guava, papaya, sapota.
b) Plantation Crops: Coconut, cashew nut, oil palm, coffee, tea, cacao, areca nut and
rubber.
IV. Origin, importance, export potential, varieties, climate, soil requirements, propagation
and planting and after care, manuring, irrigation, training, pruning, harvesting and post harvest
handling, curing and processing practices, storage methods, yield and distillation of essential
oils of the following crops.
a) Medicinal plants: Dioscorea, Opium poppy, Rauwolfia, Solanum Khasianum,
Catharanthus roseus, Pyrethrum, Isabgol Digitalis, Belladona, Senna and Trichonas
nuxvomica.
b) Aromatic crops: Citronella, lemon grass, palmarosa, vettiver, geranium, davana, mint,
lavender, vanilla.
c) Spices and Condiments: Cardamom, pepper, cinnamon, Clove and nutmeg.
V. a) Importance and scope, production of horticultural crops in greenhouse. Status and
development of greenhouse production of horticultural crops. Points to be considered
before establishing a greenhouse. Greenhouse and related structures location, types, size
and arrangement, types of greenhouse framework, types of greenhouse covering materials,
ventilation and air circulation, greenhouse benches etc.,
b) Control of environmental factors influencing the growth i.e., light, temperature
(greenhouse heating and cooling) moisture, and relative humidity. Role of growth
regulators on the growth and development of greenhouse crops.
c) Preparation of growing media requirement and its management at different stages of
crop growth. Management of nutrients through fertigation at various stages of crop growth
in different crops.
I.
a) Importance of horticulture in terms of economy, production, employment generation,
environmental protection and human resource development. Nutritional value of
horticultural crops. Divisions of horticulture and their importance.
b) Temperature, light, humidity, rainfall and soil requirements for horticultural crops.
Selection of site for establishing an orchard, orchard plan, systems of planting.
Establishment of an orchard. Objectives of orchard management culture, different methods
of orchard culture. Pruning and training – objectives, methods and effects.
c) Nutrition of horticultural crops – assessment of nutritional requirements, Identification of
deficiency symptoms, methods of nutrient application. Assessment of irrigation
requirements for different horticultural crops, irrigation methods.
d) Flower bud initiation and formation. Factors affecting them, environmental influences,
chemical, nutritional management practices. Pollination and fruit set, problems and
requirements, flower and fruit drop, stages, causes, remedial measures. Unfruitfulness,
reasons and remedial measures. Harvesting, maturity indices for horticultural crops.
Ripening, chemical, physical changes during ripening, and methods of ripening. Use of
growth regulators in Horticulture – propagation sex expression, fruit set, fruit drop and
extension of shelf life.
II.
a) Principles and classification of plant propagation methods. Plant propagation structures,
containers and media.
b) Sexual propagation and its importance. Factors affecting germination and
pregermination treatments.
c) Sexual propagation and it’s importance. Propagation of plants by cuttage, factors
affecting regeneration of plants from cuttings. Types of cuttings, propagation by layerage.
Factors affecting regeneration of plants by layerage. Methods of layerage.
d) Propagation by grafting, importance of graftage. Factors for successful grafting.,
Selection of rootstock and scion. Methods of budding and grafting Rootstocks for
commercial fruit plants. Stock scion relations and role of Rootstocks in fruit production.
III.
Area, production, importance in national economy, nutritive values, origin and distribution
botany, classification and identification of species and varieties, root stocks, role in high
density planting climate, soils, planting methods training and pruning, nutrition, irrigation
scheduling, intercrops, and management of practices of
a) fruit crops mango, banana, citrus, grape, pineapple, guava, papaya, sapota.
b) Plantation Crops: Coconut, cashew nut, oil palm, coffee, tea, cacao, areca nut and
rubber.
IV. Origin, importance, export potential, varieties, climate, soil requirements, propagation
and planting and after care, manuring, irrigation, training, pruning, harvesting and post harvest
handling, curing and processing practices, storage methods, yield and distillation of essential
oils of the following crops.
a) Medicinal plants: Dioscorea, Opium poppy, Rauwolfia, Solanum Khasianum,
Catharanthus roseus, Pyrethrum, Isabgol Digitalis, Belladona, Senna and Trichonas
nuxvomica.
b) Aromatic crops: Citronella, lemon grass, palmarosa, vettiver, geranium, davana, mint,
lavender, vanilla.
c) Spices and Condiments: Cardamom, pepper, cinnamon, Clove and nutmeg.
V. a) Importance and scope, production of horticultural crops in greenhouse. Status and
development of greenhouse production of horticultural crops. Points to be considered
before establishing a greenhouse. Greenhouse and related structures location, types, size
and arrangement, types of greenhouse framework, types of greenhouse covering materials,
ventilation and air circulation, greenhouse benches etc.,
b) Control of environmental factors influencing the growth i.e., light, temperature
(greenhouse heating and cooling) moisture, and relative humidity. Role of growth
regulators on the growth and development of greenhouse crops.
c) Preparation of growing media requirement and its management at different stages of
crop growth. Management of nutrients through fertigation at various stages of crop growth
in different crops.
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